Publications - COLA Technical Reports

   

COLA Technical Reports

 
170. A Simple Mechanism for ENSO Residuals and Asymmetry. Paul S. Schopf, August 2004, 37 pp.
169. Monthly Climatology of Friction Velocity Cubed from SSM/I Wind Data. Barry A. Klinger, Bohua Huang, Ben Kirtman, Paul Schopf, Jiande Wang. July 2004, 17 pp.
168. Pacific Decadal Variability and ESNO Amplitude Modulation. Sang-Wook Yeh and Ben P. Kirtman, May 2004, 16 pp.
167. On the Relationship between Externally Forced Signal and Internally Generated Noise in Rainfall. Renguang Wu and Ben P. Kirtman, June 2004, 38 pp.
166. Roles of Indian and Pacific Ocean Air-Sea Coupling in Tropical Atmospheric Variability. Renguang Wu and Ben P. Kirtman. May 2004, 41 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
165. Internal Atmospheric Dynamics and Tropical Indo-Pacific Climate Variability. Ben P. Kirtman, Kathy Pegion, and Saul M. Kinter, April 2004, 41 pp (AMS Copyright notice)
164. Tropical Pacific Decadal Variability and ENSO amplitude Modulation in a CGCM. Sang-Wook Yeh and Ben P. Kirtman, April 2004, 45 pp.
163. Connection of summer rainfall variations in South and East Asia: Dependencies on ENSO and time scales. Zeng-Zhen Hu, Renguang Wu, James L. Kinter III, and Song Yang. March 2004, 20 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
162.

Global Climate Anomalies and Decadal North Pacific SST Variability in a coupled GCM. Sang-Wook Yeh and Ben P. Kirtman, March 2004, 32 pp.

161. Validation and forecast applicability of multi-year global soil wetness products. Paul A. Dirmeyer, Zhichang Guo, and Xiang Gao, February 2004, 42 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
160. Causes of Low Frequency North Atlantic SST Variability in a Coupled GCM. Zhaohua Wu, E.K. Schneider, and B.P. Kirtman, January 2004, 14 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
159. Production and Analysis of GSWP-2 Near-Surface Meteogology Data Sets. Mei Zhao and Paul A. Dirmeyer, December 2003, 38 pp.
158. On the Simulation of the Intraseasonal Variance of the South American Summer Monsoon. Vasubandhu Misra, November 2003, 36pp.
157. Discrepancy of Interdecadal Changes in the Asian Region between the NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis and Observations. Renguang Wu, J.L. Kinter III, and B.P. Kirtman. November 2003,
35 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
156. The low-frequency variability of the tropical-North Pacific sea surface temperature teleconnections. Sang-Wook Yeh and Ben P. Kirtman, November 2003, 40 pp.
155. Impacts of the Indian Ocean on the Indian Summer Monsoon-ENSO Relationship. Renguang Wu and Ben P. Kirtman, October 2003, 44 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
154. A New Approach for Coupled GCM Sensitivity Studies. Ben P. Kirtman, Dughong Min, P.S. Schopf, and E.K. Schneider. October 2003, 50 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
153. Diagnosis of coupled land-atmosphere model feedback using surface flux replacement. Paul A. Dirmeyer and Mei Zhao, September 2003, 57 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
152. Mean and Uncertainty of Arctic Sea-Ice Change and Their Connection with Arctic Climate Change in CMIP2 Simulations. Zeng-Zhen Hu, Svetlana I. Kuzmina, Lennart Bengtsson, and David m. Holland. September 26, 33 pp.
151. Understanding the Impacts of the Indian Ocean on ENSO Variability in a Coupled GCM. Renguang Wu and Ben P. Kirtman, Setember 2003, 35 pp.
150. Pattern and Trend Analysis of Temperature in a Set of Seasonal Ensemble Simulations. Mei Zhao and Paul A. Dirmeyer, September 2003, 22pp.
149. Biennial Oscillation of the Monsoon-ENSO System in an Interactive Ensemble Coupled GCM. Renguang Wu and Ben P. Kirtman, August 2003, 49 pp.
148. Predictability and Information Theory. Part II: Imperfect Forecasts. Timothy DelSole, June 2003, 46pp. (postscript version)
147. Remotely Forced Variability in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Bohua Huang. July 2003, 54pp.

146.

Predictability and Information Theory. Part I: Measures of Predictability. Tim DelSole. May 2003, 43pp. (postscript version)
145. Predictable Skill and its Attribution to Sea-Surface Temperature Variations in an Ensemble Climate Simulation. C. Adams Schlosser and Ben P. Kirtman. April 2003, 33 pp.
144. Anomaly Nesting: A Methodology to Downscale Seasonal Climate Simulations from the AGCM. Vasubandhu Misra and Masao Kanamitsu. April 2003, 25 pp.
143. AO, COWL and Observed Climate Trends. Qigang Wu and David M. Straus. April 2003, 44 pp.
142. Multiple Planetary Flow Regimes and the Eddy Forcing in Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Variability. Qigang Wu and David M. Straus. April 2003, 16 pp.

141.

Long-term climate variations in china and global warming signals. Zeng-Zhen Hu, Song Yang, and Renguang Wu. March 2003, 38pp.
140. The Impact of Internal Atmospheric Variability on the North pacific Decadal SST Variability. Sang-Wook yeh and Ben P. Kirtman, March 2003.
139. The Necessity of Optimal Perturbations. Timothy DelSole. May 2003. 11 pp. (postscript version)
138. Evolution of ENSO-related Rainfall Anomalies in East Asia. Renguang Wu, Zeng-Zhen Hu, and Ben P. Kirtman. March 2003, 41 pp.
137. An Evaluation of the Predictability of Austral Summer Season Precipitation over South America. Vasubandhu Misra. March 2003, 35 pp.
136. The decadal ENSO variability in a Hybrid Coupled Model. Sang-Wook Yeh, Jong-Ghap Jhun, In-Sik Kang and Ben P. Kirtman. January 2003, 37 pp.
135. Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Variability in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Bohua Huang, Paul S. Schopf, and J. Shukla. January 2003, 57pp.
134. Flow Regimes, SST Forcing, and Climate Noise: Results from Large GCM Ensembles. David M. Straus and Franco Molteni, January 2003, 49 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
133. A Study of the Characteristics of White Noise Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition Method. Zhaohua Wu and Norden E. Huang, January 2003, 27 pp.
132. Co-Existence of the Annular/NAO and Cold Ocean-Warm Land Regimes in Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Variability. Qigang Wu and David M. Straus, December 2002, 33pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
131. The Teleconnection between the Western Indian and the Western Pacific Oceans. Vasubandhu Misra, November 2002, 24pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
130. New Calculation of Saturation specfic Humidity and Saturaton Vapor Pressure in the COLA Atmospheric General Circulation Model. L. Marx, November 2002, 25 pp. (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4)
129. On the Impacts of the Indian Summer Monsoon on ENSO in a Coupled GCM. Renguang Wu and Ben P. Kirtman, November 2002, 42 pp.
128. The characteristics of signal versus noise SST variability in the North Pacific and the tropical Pacific Ocean. Sang-Wook Yeh and Ben P. Kirtman, November 2002, 22 pp.
127. The intensification and shift of the North Atlantic Oscillation in a global warming scenario simulation. Zeng-Zhen Hu and Zhaohua Wu, October 2002, 32 pp.
126. Potential for Influence of Land Surface Processes on ENSO. Zeng-Zhen Hu, Edwin K. Schneider, Uma S. Bhatt, and Ben P. Kirtman, October 2002, 32 pp.
125. The COLA Anomaly Coupled Model: Ensemble ENSO Prediction. Ben. P. Kirtman, September 2002, 52pp.
124. Tracing the mean Climate Simulation over the Tropical Pacific in an AGCM. Vasubandhu Misra, September 2002, 38pp.
123. Predictability of the Seasonal Mean Atmospheric Circulation During Autumn, Winter, and Spring. David Straus, Dan Paolino, J. Shukla, Siegfried Shubert, Max Suarez, Arun Kumar, and Philip Pegion, September 2002, 51 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
122. On Apparent Decadal Shifts in Tropical Atmospheric Circulation in Reanalysis. J.L. Kinter III, M.J. Fennessy, V. Krishnamurthy, and L. Marx, August 2002, 29pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
121. On the relationship between the interannual and decadal SST variabliity in the North Pacific and Tropical Pacific Ocean. Sang-Wook Yeh and Ben P. Kirtman. August 2002, 27pp.
120. The Role of the Land Surface Background State in Climate Predictability. Paul A. Dirmeyer, July 2002, 26 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
119. The influence of Pacific SST on the precipitation over southern Africa diagnosed from an AGCM. Vasubandhu Misra, June 2002, 22 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
118. The Completeness of Eigenfunctions of the Tidal Equation on an Equatorial Beta Plane. Zhaohua Wu and Dennis W. Moore, July 2002, 18 pp. (AMS Copyright notice)
117. Predictable Component Analysis, Canonical Correlation Analysis, and Linear Inverse Models. Timothy DelSole, and Ping Chang, June 2002, 27pp.
116. Forcing of Northern Hemisphere Climate Trends. Edwin K. Schneider, Lennart Bengtsson and Zeng-Zhen Hu, June, 2001, 37pp.
115. Seasonal simulations over North America with a GCM and three regional models. Eric Altshuler, M. Fennessy, J. Shukla, H. Juang, E. Rogers, K. Mitchell, and M. Kanamitsu, March, 2002, 60pp.
114. Linear Prediction of Indian Monsoon Rainfall. Tim DelSole and J. Shukla, March, 2002,
58pp.
113. The Role of ENSO in the South Asian Monsoon and Pre-Monsoon Signals Over the Tibetan Plateau. K. Miyakoda, J.L. Kinter and Song Yang, February, 2002, 44pp.
112. Influence of North American Land Processes on North Atlantic SST Variability. Uma S. Bhatt, Edwin K. Schneider & David DeWitt, February 2002, 50pp.
111. Entropy as a Basis for Comparing and Blending Forecasts. Timothy DelSole, December,
2001, 51pp.
110. The Impact of Global Warming on ENSO Variability in Climate Records. Zhaohua Wu, Edwin K. Schnieder, and Zeng-Zhen Hu. July 2002, 24 pp.
109. Retrospective ENSO Forecasts: The Effect of Ocean Resolution. Edwin K. Schneider, Ben P. Kirtman, Yun Fan, and Zengxin Zhu, October 2001, 27 pp.
108. A Simulation of the Tropical South American Summer Climate Variability with the NCEP ETA Model. Anandu D. Vernekar, Ben P. Kirtman, and Michael J. Fennessey, October 2001.
107. Variability of the Indian Ocean: Relation to Monsoon and ENSO, V. Krishnamurthy and Ben P. Kirtman, September 2001.
106. A Model-Based Investigation of Soil-Moisture Predictability and Associated Climate Predictability, C. Adam Schlosser and P.C.D. Milly, September 2001.
105. Interactive Coupled Ensemble: A New Coupling Strategy for CGCMs. Ben P. Kirtman and
J. Shukla
, September 2001, 24 pp.
104. A Shallow-CISK-Deep-Equilibrium Mechanism for the Interaction Between Large-Scale Convection and Large-Scale Circulations in the Tropics. Zhaohua Wu, April 2002, 46 pp.
103. The COLA Global Coupled and Anomaly Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere GCM, Ben P. Kirtman, Yun Fan, and Edwin K. Schneider, August 2001, 47pp.
102. A Multi-Decadal Global Land-Surface Data Set of State Variables and Fluxes, Paul A. Dirmeyer and Liqin Tan, August 2001, 43pp.
101.

Dynamic Downscaling of Seasonal Simulations Over South America, Vazubandhu Misra, Paul Dirmeyer, and Ben P. Kirtman, August, 2001, (In Press)

100. Near Surface boreal summer climate as simulated by three general circulation models, Paul A. Dirmeyer, Michael J. Fennessy, L. Marx, June, 2001, 36pp.
99. Does ENSO Force the PNA?, David M. Straus and J. Shukla, May, 2001, 39pp.
98. Understanding Differences Between the Equatorial Pacific as Simulatedby Two Coupled GCMs, Edwin K. Schneider, May, 2001, 52pp.
97. Modeling the effect of land-surface variability on the precipitation variability; Part I: General Response, Oreste Reale, Paul A. Dirmeyer and Adam Schlosser, April, 2001, 33pp.
96. Modeling the effect of land-surface variability on the precipitation variability; Part II: Spatial and time-scale structure, Oreste Reale, Paul A. Dirmeyer and Adam Schlosser, April, 2001, 39pp.
95. The Implementation of Simplified Simple Biosphere (SSiB) Scheme in the Regional Spectral Model (RSM), Vasubandhu Misra, Paul A. Dirmeyer, and Ben P. Kirtman, April, 2001, 31pp.
94. The Interannual Vaiability in the Tropical Indina Ocean and its Relations to El Niño/Southern Oscillation, Bohua Huang and James L. Kinter III, January, 2001, 48pp.
93. New Astronomy in the COLA Atmospheric General Circulation Model, L. Marx, January, 2001, 27pp. (Figures)
92. A 36-Year Climatology of the Evaporative Sources of Warm-Season Precipitation oin the Mississippi River Basin, Kaye L. Brubaker, Paul A. Dirmeyer, Arief Sudradjat, Benjamin S. Levy, and Fredric Bernal, November, 2000, 48pp.
91. Climate Variability and Potential Predictability over Continental Regions in Response to SST Variations, C. Adam Schlosser and Paul A. Dirmeyer, October, 2000, 42pp.
90. Analysis of the Connection from the South Asian Monsoon to ENSO by Using Precipitation and Circulation Indices, K. Miyakoda, J. Kinter and S. Yang, in press.
89. An Evaluation of the Strength of Land-Atmosphere Coupling, Paul A. Dirmeyer, October, 2000, 34pp.
88. Evaporative moisture sources during a sequence of floods in the Mediterranean region, Oreste Reale, Laura Feudale and Barbara Turato, September 2000, 15pp.
87. Experimental ENSO Predictions with a CGCM: A comparison of Two Different Approaches, Zhengxin Zhu, Edwin K. Schneider, and Bohua Huang, September, 2000, 39pp.
86. The Indonesian Throughflow's Effect on Global Climate Determined from the COLA Coupled Climate System, Roxana C. Wajsowicz and Edwin K. Schneider, September, 2000, 26pp.
85. Regional Simulation of Interannual Variability over South America, Vasubandhu Misra, Paul A. Dirmeyer, Ben P. Kirtman, Hann-Ming Henry Juang and Masao Kanamitsu, August 2000, 42pp.
84. A Stochastic Similarity Hypothesis for Large-Scale Turbulence, Timothy DelSole, August, 2000, 37pp.
83. Modeling the Effects of the Andes on the South American Climate, Clemente A.S. Tanajura and Jagadish Shukla, August, 49pp.
82. Climate drift in a coupled land-atmosphere model, Paul A. Dirmeyer, July, 2000, 21pp.
81. Observed and Model Simulated Interannual Variability of the Indian Monsoon, V. Krishnamurthy and J. Shukla, May, 2000, 46pp.
80. Impact of Tropical Subseasonal SST Variability on Seasonal Mean Climate Simulations, Ben P. Kirtman, Dan A. Paolino, James L. Kinter III and David M. Straus, Feburary, 2000, 40pp.
79. Application of a Precipitation Downscaling Model to Gridded Multi-sensor Radar Analyses, Venugopal V. and P.A. Dirmeyer, February, 2000, 25pp.
78. An update to the distribution and treatment of vegetation and soil properties in SSiB, Paul A. Dirmeyer and Fanrong J. Zeng, December, 1999, 37pp.
77. Empirically Reducing the Systematic Error of an OGCM, Ben P. Kirtman, December, 1999, 40pp.
76. An Approach for Quantifying Inter-model Variability. C. Adam Schlosser and Tim DelSole, November 1999, 15pp.
75. Seasonal Prediction Based on EOF Analyses of GCM Ensemble Means, Ruping Mo and David M. Straus, November, 1999, 37pp.
74. Probability Forecasts for Seasonal Average Anomalies Based on GCM Ensemble Means, Ruping Mo and David M. Straus, November, 1999, 33pp.
73. Statistical Verification of Dynamical Seasonal Prediction, Ruping Mo and David M. Straus, November, 1999, 73pp.
72. An Ocean Data Assimilation System with Intermittent Analyses and Continuous Model Error Correction, Bohua Huang, James L. Kinter III, Paul S. Schopf , October, 1999, 60pp.
71. Optimally Persistent Patterns in Time-Varying Fields, Timothy DelSole, October, 1999, 46pp.
70.

A Model for Transient Eddy Momentum Fluxes in the Upper Troposphere, Timothy DelSole, September 1999, 33pp.

69.

Intraseasonal and Interannual Variability of Rainfall over India, V. Krishnamurthy and J. Shukla, August 1999, 34pp.

68.

Using a Global Soil Wetness Data Set to Improve Seasonal Climate Simulation,
P. Dirmeyer, May 1999, 42pp.

67.

Dynamical Seasonal Predictions with the COLA Atmospheric model, J. Shukla, D.A. Paolino, D.M. Straus, D. DeWitt, M. Fennessey, J.L. Kinter, L. Marx, and R. Mo, May 1999, 42pp.

66.

Distinguishing Between the SST-forced Variability and Internal Variability and internal Variability in Mid-Latitudes: Analysis of Observations and GCM Simulations, D.M. Straus and J. Shukla, April 1999, 54pp.

65.

GCM Simulation of the relationship between spring Eurasian snow and Indian summer monsoon, A.S. Bamzai and L. Marx, March 1999, 46pp.

64.

A Spontaneously Generated Atmospheric General Circulation, B.P. Kirtman and Edwin K. Schneider, March 1999, 50pp.

63.

Seasonal Prediction Experiments with a Regional Model Nested in a Global Model,
M.J. Fennessy and J. Shukla, December 1998, 52pp.

62.

Monsoon-ENSO Relationship on Interdecadal Time Scale, V. Krishnamurthy and B.N. Goswami, October 1998, 55pp.

61.

Simulations of a Boreal Grassland Hydrology at Valdai, Russia: PILPS Phase 2(d),
C.A. Schlosser and Collaborators
, October 1998, 47pp.

60.

Geophysical Turbulence in the Reanalyses of ECMWF, D. Straus and P. Ditlevsen, October 1998, 50pp.

59.

A Dissipation Integral with Application to Ocean Diffusivities and Structure, E. Schneider and U. Bhatt, September 1998, 37pp.

58.

Modeling the Effects of Vegetation on Mediterranean Climate During the Roman Classical Period Part II: Climate History and Model Simulation, O. Reale and J. Shukla, August 1998, 68pp.

57.

Modeling the Effects of Vegetation on Mediterranean Climate During the Roman Classical Period Part I: Climate History and Model Sensitivity, O. Reale and P. Dirmeyer, August 1998, 47pp.

56.

The Tropical Ocean Response to a Change in Orbital Forcing, D. DeWitt and E.K. Schneider, July 1998, 55pp.

55.

A Fundamental Limitation of Markov Models, T. DelSole, May 1998, 32pp.

54.

Influence of the Indian Summer Monsoon on ENSO, B. Kirtman and J. Shukla , May 1998, 52pp.

53.

Relation Between Eurasian Snow Cover, Snow Depth and the Indian Summer Monsoon: An Observational Study, A.S. Bamzai and J. Shukla, February 1998, 42pp.

52.

Climatology and Interannual Variability of Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover and Depth Based on Satellite Observations, A.S. Bamzai and J.L. Kinter III, November 1997, 48pp.

51.

The COLA Atmosphere-Biosphere General Circulation Model Volume 1: Formulation,
J.L. Kinter III, D. DeWitt, P. Dirmeyer, M. Fennessy, B. Kirtman, L. Marx, E. Schneider,
J. Shukla and D. Straus
, October 1997, 46pp.

50.

A Forecast of Precipitation and Surface Air Temperature in North America for Winter (JFM) 1998, J. Shukla, D. Paolino, B. Kirtman, D. DeWitt, P. Dirmeyer, B. Doty, M. Fennessy,
B. Huang, J.L. Kinter, L. Marx, E. Schneider, D. Straus, Z. Zhu
, September 1997, 14pp.

49.

Using SST Anomalies to Predict Flood and Drought Conditions for the Caribbean,
A. Chen, A. Roy, J. McTavish, M.Taylor and L. Marx
, September 1997, 41pp.

48.

A Two Dimensional Implementation of the Simple Biosphere (SiB) Model, P. Dirmeyer and F. Zeng, September 1997, 30pp.

47.

Assessing GCM Sensitivity to Soil Wetness Using GSWP Data, P. Dirmeyer, September 1997, 26pp.

46.

A Broad Scale Circulation Index for the Interannual Variability of the Indian Summer Monsoon, B.N. Goswami, V. Krishnamurthy, and H. Annamalai, September 1997, 52pp.

45.

Upper Tropospheric Water Vapor and Climate Sensitivity, E. Schneider, B. Kirtman and
R. Lindzen
, August 1997, 40pp.

44.

Simulations of the Climate with a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Model: Seasonal Cycle and Adjustment to Mean Climate, D. DeWitt and E. Schneider, July 1997, 64pp.

43.

Decadal Variability in ENSO Predictability and Prediction, B. Kirtman and P. Schopf, May 1997, 43pp.

42.

Predicting Wintertime Skill from Ensemble Characteristics in the NCEP Medium Range Forecasts over North America, P. Dirmeyer, B. Doty and J.L. Kinter III, April 1997, 31pp.

41.

Model Simulation of the Influence of Global SST Anomalies on the Sahel Rainfall, Y. Xue and J. Shukla, April 1997, 25pp.

40.

GCM Simulations of Intraseasonal Variability in the Indian Summer Monsoon, R. Krishnan and M.J. Fennessy, April 1997, 54pp.

39.

ENSO Hindcasts with a Coupled GCM, E. Schneider, Z. Zhu, D. DeWitt, B. Huang, and
B. Kirtman
, April 1997, 40pp.

38.

A Global Ocean Data Analysis for 1986-1992, B. Huang and J.L. Kinter III, March 1997, 62pp.

37.

Sensitivity of the Simulated Annual Cycle of Sea Surface Temperature in the Equatorial Pacific to Sunlight Penetration, E. Schneider and Z. Zhu, March 1997, 37pp.

36.

A Note on the Annual Cycle of Sea Surface Temperature at the Equator, E. Schneider, December 1996, 16pp.

35.

The Earth Radiation Budget as Simulated by the COLA GCM, D. DeWitt and E. Schneider, November 1996, 39pp.

34.

Impact of Initial Soil Wetness on Seasonal Atmospheric Prediction, M. Fennessy and
J. Shukla
, August 1996, 37pp.

33.

Seasonal Atmospheric Prediction, L. Marx and M. Fennessy, August 1996, 34pp.

32.

ENSO Simulation and Prediction with a Hybrid Coupled Model, B. Kirtman and S.E. Zebiak, August 1996, 50pp.

31.

Scale Dependent Forcings of a General Circulation Model, D. Straus and Y. Yi, July 1996, 34pp.

30.

Characteristics of the Interannual and Decadal Variability in a General Circulation Model, B. Huang and J. Shukla, July 1996, 55pp.

29.

Biosphere Feedback on Regional Climate in Tropical North Africa, Y. Xue, June 1996.

28.

Oceanic Rossby Waves and the ENSO Period in a Coupled Model, B. Kirtman, May 1996, 49 pp.

27.

The Effect of Cumulus Convection on the Climate of the COLA General Circulation Model, D. DeWitt, May 1996, 58pp.

26.

Proceedings of the Workshop on Dynamics and Statistics of Secular Climate Variations, Miramare, Trieste, Italy; 4-8 December 1995, Editors: J.L. Kinter III and E. Schneider, April 1996.

25.

Diagnosis of the Mid-Latitude Baroclinic Regime in the NASA DAO Reanalyses and ECMWF Operation Analyses. D. Straus and D. Paolino, March 1996, 48 pp.

24.

Predictability and Error Growth in a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model. J. Shukla and . Kirtman, March 1996, 11 pp.

23.

Precipitation and Water Vapor Transport Simulated by a Hybrid Isentropic-Sigma GCM. Z. Zhu, March 1996, 37 pp.

22.

Tropical Influence on Global Climate. E. Schneider, R. Lindzen and B. Kirtman, February 1996, 29pp.

21.

Variations of Mid-Latitude Transient Dynamics Associated with ENSO. D. Straus and J. Shukla, September 1995, 49 pp.

20.

Intercomparison of Atmospheric Model Wind Stress with Three Different Convective Parameterizations: Sensitivity of Tropical Pacific Ocean Simulations. B. Kirtman and
D. DeWitt
, September 1995, 51 pp.

19.

Wave-CISK, The Evaporation-Wind Feedback, and the Intraseasonal Oscillation: Phase Propagation and Scale Selection. B. Kirtman and A. Vernekar, August 1995.

18.

Impact of Vegetation Properties on U.S. Summer Weather Prediction. Y. Xue,
M. Fennessy and P. Sellers
, August 1995, 41pp.

17.

Model Based Estimates of Equatorial Pacific Wind Stress. Ben P. Kirtman, E. Schneider, and Bernard Kirtman, August 1995, 58pp.

16.

An Examination of the AGCM Simulated Surface Wind Stress and Low Level Winds Over the Tropical Pacific Ocean. B. Huang and J. Shukla, August 1995, 42pp.

15.

Multiseasonal Predictions with a Coupled Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere System.
B. Kirtman, J. Shukla, B. Huang, Z. Zhu, and E. Schneider, June 1995, 59pp.

14.

Factors Determining the Precipitation Distribution and Low-Level Flow in the Tropics of an Atmospheric General Circulation Model: Diagnostic Studies. D. DeWitt, E. Schneider, and A. Vernekar, June 1995, 56pp.

13.

Improvement in Stratosphere and Upper-Troposphere Simulation with a Hybrid Isentropic-Sigma Coordinate GCM. Z. Zhu and E. Schneider, June 1995, 45pp.

12.

Annual Cycle and ENSO in a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model. E. Schneider, Z. Zhu,
B. Giese, B. Huang, B.. Kirtman, J. Shukla, J.. Carton
, May 1995, 57pp.

11.

The Impact of Desertification in the Mongolian and the Inner Mongolian Grassland on the East Asian Monsoon. Y. Xue, May 1995, 50pp.

10.

Experimental Multi-Season ENSO Predictions with an Anomaly Coupled General Circulation Model. Z. Zhu and E. K. Schneider, May 1995, 28pp.

9.

Meeting on Problems in Initializing Soil Wetness: Review. P. A. Dirmeyer, January 1995, 33pp.

8.

The response of an Ocean GCM to Surface Wind Stress Produced by an Atmospheric GCM. B. Huang, & E. K. Schneider, September 1994, 56 pp.

7.

Land-Sea Geometry and its Effect on Monsoon Circulations. P. A. Dirmeyer, August 1994, 39 pp.

6.

GCM Simulations of the Life Cycles of the 1988 US Drought and Heatwave. M. J. Fennessy, J. L. Kinter III, L. Marx, E. K. Schneider, P. J. Sellers, & J. Shukla, July 1994, 68 pp.

5.

A Pilot Reanalysis Project at COLA. D. Paolino, Q. Yang, B. Doty, J. L. Kinter III, J. Shukla, & D. Straus, July 1994, 46 pp.

4.

A Comparison of Two Surface Wind Stress Analyses over the Tropical Atlantic during 1980-1987. B. Huang, & J. Shukla, June 1994, 46 pp.

3.

The Effect on Climate of Doubling Deserts. P. A. Dirmeyer, & J. Shukla, June 1994, 61 pp.

2.

Flux Correction and Equilibrium Climate. E. K. Schneider, April 1994, 12 pp.

1.

Ocean Wave Dynamics and El Niņo. E. K. Schneider, B. Huang, & J. Shukla, April 1994, 46 pp.