1999 Refereed Journal Articles

Carsteanu, A., V. Venugopal, and E. Foufoula-Georgiou, 1999: Event-specific multiplicative cascade models and an application to rainfall. J. Geophys. Res., (in press).

DelSole, T., 1999a: Stochastic models of shear-flow turbulence with enstrophy transfer to subgrid scales. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 3692-3703.

DelSole, T., 1999b: Statistical properties of dynamical systems and their implications for Markov models. J. Atmos. Sci. (submitted).

DelSole, T. and A. Hou, 1999a: Empirical correction of a dynamical model. Part I: Fundamental issues. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2533-2545.

DelSole, T. and A. Hou, 1998b: Empirical stochastic models for the dominant climate statistics of a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci. 56, 3436-3456.

DeWitt, D.G. and E.K. Schneider, 1999a: The processes determining the annual cycle of equatorial sea surface temperature: A coupled general circulation model perspective. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 381-395.

DeWitt, D.G., and E.K. Schneider, 1999b: The tropical ocean response to a change in orbital forcing. J. Climate (accepted).

Dirmeyer, P.A. 1999a: Assessing GCM sensitivity to soil wetness using GSWP data. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 78, 367-385.

Dirmeyer, P.A., 1999b: Using a global soil wetness data set to improve seasonal climate simulation. J. Climate (submitted).

Dirmeyer, P.A., and K.L. Brubaker, 1999: Contrasting evaporative moisture sources during the drought of 1988 and the flood of 1993. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19383-19397.

Dirmeyer, P.A., A.J. Dolman, and N. Sato, 1999: The global soil wetness project: A pilot project for global land surface modeling and validation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 80, 851-878.

Dirmeyer, P.A., and F. J. Zeng, 1999: SSiB sensitivity to infiltration and treatment of convective precipitation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 78, 291-303.

Dirmeyer, P.A., F.J. Zeng, A. Ducharne, J. Morrill, and R.D. Koster, 1999: The sensitivity of surface fluxes to soil water content in three land surface schemes. J. Hydrometeor. (in press).

Fan Y., M.R. Allen, D.L.T. Anderson and M.A. Balmaseda, 1999: How predictability depends on the nature of uncertainty in initial conditions in a coupled model of ENSO. J. Climate (submitted).

Fennessy, M.J. and J. Shukla, 1999a: Impact of initial soil wetness on seasonal atmospheric prediction. J. Climate, 12, 3167-3180.

Fennessy, M.J. and J. Shukla, 1999b: Seasonal atmospheric prediction over North America with a regional model nested in a global model. J. Climate (in press).

Foufoula-Georgiou, E.and V. Venugopal, 1999: Patterns and organization in precipitation. In Spatial Patterns in Catchment Hydrology -Observations and Modelling, R. Grayson and G. Blöschl, eds., Camb. Univ. Press (in press).

Goswami, B.N., V. Krishnamurthy, and H. Annamalai, 1999: A broad scale circulation index for the interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 125, 611-633.

Hopkins, L.C, ...,C.A. Schlosser, 1999: GCIP contributions by the project for intercomparison of land-surface parameterization schemes (PILPS). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. (submitted).

Kirtman, B.P., and E.K. Schneider, 1999: A spontaneously generated atmospheric general circulation. J. Atmos. Sci. (in press).

Kirtman, B.P., and J. Shukla, 1999: Influence of the Indian summer monsoon on ENSO. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., (in press).

Kirtman, B.P., J. Shukla, and others, 1999: Current status of ENSO forecast skill. (Submitted as a WMO Tech. Report and to be submitted to Mon. Wea. Rev.).

Koster, R.D., P.A. Dirmeyer, P.C.D. Milly, and G.L. Russell, 1999: Comparing GCM-generated land surface water budgets using a simple common framework. Observations and Modeling of the Land Surface Hydrological Processes, V. Lakshmi, J. Albertson, and J. Schaake, eds. (submitted).

Krishnamurthy, V. and B.N. Goswami, 1999: Indian monsoon-ENSO relationship on interdecdadal time scale. J. Climate (in press).

Krishnamurthy, V. and J. Shukla, 1999: Intraseasonal and interannual variability of rainfall over India. J. Climate (submitted).

Oki, T., T. Nishimura, and P.A. Dirmeyer, 1999: Assessment of annual runoff from land surface models using Total Runoff Integrating Pathways (TRIP). J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 78, 235-255.

Pitman, A.J. and Collaborators (including Schlosser & Xue), 1999: Key Results and Implications from Phase (1c) of the Project for the Intercomparison of Land-Surface Parameterizations Schemes. Climate Dynamics (in press).

Reale, O. and P.A. Dirmeyer, 1999: Modeling the effects of vegetation on Mediterranean climate during the Roman classical period. Part I: History and model sensitivity. Global and Planetary Change (submitted).

Reale, O. and J. Shukla, 1999: Modeling the effects of vegetation on Mediterranean climate during the Roman classical period. Part II: Model simulation. Global and Planetary Change (submitted).

Schlosser, C.A. and [and 25 co-authors], 1999: Simulations of boreal grassland hydrology at Valdai, Russia: PILPS Phase 2 (d). Mon. Wea. Rev. (in press).

Schneider, E.K. and U.S. Bhatt, 1999: A dissipation integral with application to ocean diffusivities and structure. J. Phys. Oceanogr. (in press).

Schneider, E.K., B. Huang, Z. Zhu, D.G. DeWitt, J.L. Kinter III, B.P. Kirtman, and J. Shukla, 1999: Ocean data assimilation, initialization and prediction of ENSO with a coupled GCM. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1187-1207.

Schneider, E.K., B.P. Kirtman and R.S. Lindzen, 1999: Upper tropospheric water vapor and climate sensitivity. J. Atmos. Sci. 56, 1649-1658.

Shukla, J., M.J. Fennessy, J.L. Kinter III, B.P. Kirtman, L. Marx, D.A. Paolino, D.G. DeWitt, P.A. Dirmeyer, B.E. Doty, B. Huang, E.K. Schneider, D.M. Straus, Z. Zhu, 1999: Six-month lead prediction of regional climate using dynamical models: A case study of winter (JFM) 1998 in North America. (In preparation).

Shukla, J., D.A. Paolino, D.M. Straus, D.G. DeWitt, M.J. Fennessy, J.L. Kinter III, L. Marx and R. Mo. 1999: Dynamical seasonal predictions with the COLA atmospheric model. Quart. J. Royal Meteor. Soc. (in press).

Shukla, J., J. Anderson, D. Baumhefner, C. Brankovic, Y. Chang, E. Kalnay, L. Marx, T. Palmer, D.A. Paolino, J. Ploshay, S. Schubert, D.M. Straus, M. Suarez, J. Tribbia, 1999: Dynamical Seasonal Prediction, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. (submitted).

Straus, D.M. and P. Ditlevsen, 1999: Two dimensional turbulence properties of the ECMWF reanalyses. Tellus, 51 (in press).

Straus, D.M., and R.S. Lindzen, 1999: Planetary scale baroclinic instability and the MJO. Submitted to J. Atmos. Sci. (submitted).

Straus, D.M., and J. Shukla, 1999: Distinguishing between the SST- forced variability and internal variability in mid-latitudes: Analysis of observations and GCM simulations. Quart. J. Royal Meteor. Soc. (in press).

Venugopal V., E. Foufoula-Georgiou and V. Sapozhnikov, 1999: Evidence of dynamic scaling in space-time rainfall. J. Geophys. Res. (in press).

Venugopal V., E. Foufoula-Georgiou and V. Sapozhnikov, 1999: A space-time downscaling model for rainfall. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19705-19721.

Wajsowicz, R.C. and P.S. Schopf, 1999: Oceanic influences on the seasonal cycle in evaporation over the Indian Ocean. J. Climate (submitted).

Yang, S., K-M. Lau, and P.S. Schopf, 1999: Sensitivity of the tropical Pacific Ocean to precipitation induced freshwater flux. Climate Dynamics (in press).